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Among 10-18 year-olds who have ever attended primary school, 15% left before completing primary school. A higher proportion drops out in rural areas (18%) than in urban areas (11%). Girls are slightly more likely to leave school early than are boys in rural areas and vice versa in urban areas.
About 13% of children between 10-15 years of age who have attended school drop out before completing primary (class 5). However the largest dropout rates are seen at the end of primary with 28% dropping out before reaching the end of class six, indicating that children are failing to make the transition from primary to middle school.
The literacy rate is 45% among the population above 10 years of age, but there is disparity between the literacy of men and women: an estimated 58% of men and 32% of men can read. The literacy rate in urban areas (64%) is higher than in rural areas (36%).
A variety of factors cause these problems within the education system: poor teacher training, little in-service teacher training, hiring teachers through patronage, teacher absenteeism, rote memorization of the existing curricula, poor quality of the curricula and limited access (especially for girls and women).
Education Sector Reforms
The Government of Pakistan has embarked upon a national reform agenda, underpinned by the poverty reduction and human development strategy. The Education Sector Reform plan dated December 2001 outlines three goals for the education sector: promote quality education, enabling all citizens to reach maximum potential, produce responsible, enlightened and skilled citizens, and integrate Pakistan into the global framework of human-centered economic development.
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The seven principal objectives are: |
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Increase the national average literacy rate from 47% to 62% |
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Provide “education for all”. |
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Improve the quality of education through curriculum reform, teacher education and training and reform of the exam and assessment process. |
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Improve technical and vocational
education at the secondary and post secondary levels. |
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Strengthen the higher education system in Pakistan. |
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Mainstream the madrassahs into Pakistan’s general education system. |
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Expand public-private partnerships in education in order to increase access to quality education at all levels and to meet the demand for education. |
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Links |
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Global Campaign for Education: a not-for-profit association made up of many separate civil
society organizations including campaign groups, charities, trade unions, churches and other religious groups. It has members all across the world, and its aim is to ensure that everyone in the world has the chance of a basic education. |
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www.unicef.org/china |
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UNESCO |
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UNICEF |
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ASPBAE |
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The Learning School |
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UN CRC |
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World Conference on Education For All |
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights |
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Campaign for Popular Education - (CAMPE) |
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